name: Sweet Basil
flavor_db_name_variants: sweet basil
source: foodb
status: draft
food_db_id: Sweet basil
id: 119
name_scientific: Ocimum basilicum
description: Basil, Thai basil, or sweet basil, is a common name for the culinary herb Ocimum basilicum of the family Lamiaceae (mints), sometimes known as Saint John's Wort in some English-speaking countries. Basil is originally native to India, having been cultivated there for more than 5,000 years, but was thoroughly familiar to Theophrastus and Dioscorides. It is a half-hardy annual plant, best known as a culinary herb prominently featured in Italian cuisine, and also plays a major role in Southeast Asian cuisines of Indonesia, Thailand, Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, and the cuisine of Taiwan. Depending on the species and cultivar, the leaves may taste somewhat like anise, with a strong, pungent, often sweet smell. There are many varieties of Ocimum basilicum, as well as several related species or species hybrids also called basil. The type used in Italian food is typically called sweet basil, as opposed to Thai basil (O. basilicum var. thyrsiflora), lemon basil (O. X citriodorum) and holy basil (Ocimum tenuiflorum), which are used in Asia. While most common varieties of basil are treated as annuals, some are perennial in warm, tropical climates, including holy basil and a cultivar known as 'African Blue'.
itis_id: 32627
wikipedia_id: Sweet_basil
picture_file_name: 119.jpg
picture_content_type: image/jpeg
picture_file_size: 147279
picture_updated_at: 2012-04-20T09:39:30.000Z
legacy_id: 126
food_group: Herbs and Spices
food_subgroup: Herbs
food_type: Type 1
created_at: 2011-02-09T00:37:21.000Z
updated_at: 2019-05-14T18:04:16.000Z
creator_id: null
updater_id: null
export_to_afcdb: false
category: specific
ncbi_taxonomy_id: 39350
export_to_foodb: true
public_id: FOOD00119