id: 105
name: Apples
flavor_bible_name_variants: apple fruit,apples,apples and applesauce,apples fruit,apples golden delicious,apples rome,apples sauce,fruit apples
flavor_bible_pairings_ids: allspice,almonds,apple cider or juice,applejack,apricots dried,apricots jam,apricots puree,armagnac,bacon,bay leaf,beef,blackberries,bourbon,brandy,brioche,butter unsalted,butterscotch,cabbage red,calvados,caramel,cardamom,celery,celery root,cheese camembert,cheese cheddar,cheese goat,cheese gruyre,cherries dried,cherries fresh,chestnuts,chicken,chives,cider,cinnamon,cloves,cognac,cointreau,coriander,cranberries,cream and ice cream,crme anglaise sauce,crme frache,crust pastry,crust pie,cumin,currants,curry powder,custards,dates,duck,eggplant,fennel,frise,ginger,goose,hazelnuts,honey,horseradish,ice cream,kirsch,lavender,lemon juice,lemon zest,lemon thyme,lychees,madeira,maple syrup,mayonnaise,meringue,molasses,mustard,nutmeg,nuts,oatmeal and oats,oil canola,oil hazelnut,oil walnut,olive oil,onions,orange juice,orange zest,parsley,peanuts and peanut butter,pears,pecans,pepper black,pies,pineapple,pine nuts,pistachios,plums,pomegranates,pork,poultry,prunes,puff pastry,pumpkin,quince,raisins,rhubarb,rice and rice pudding,rosemary,rum dark,rum light,salads fruit,salads green,salt kosher,sauerkraut,sherry,soups,sour cream,star anise,sugar brown,sugar white,sweet potatoes,tarragon,tarts,thyme,vanilla,verjus,vermouth,vinegar apple cider,vinegar raspberry,walnuts,wine red,wine dry white,yogurt
status: draft
source: foodb,flavor_bible
food_db_name: Apple
flavor_db_name_variants: apple
name_scientific: Malus pumila
description: The apple is the pomaceous fruit of the apple tree, species Malus domestica in the rose family. It is one of the most widely cultivated tree fruits, and the most widely known of the many members of genus Malus that are used by humans. Apples grow on small, deciduous trees. The tree originated in Central Asia, where its wild ancestor, Malus sieversii, is still found today. Apples have been grown for thousands of years in Asia and Europe, and were brought to North America by European colonists. Apples have been present in the mythology and religions of many cultures, including Norse, Greek and Christian traditions. In 2010, the fruit's genome was decoded, leading to new understandings of disease control and selective breeding in apple production. There are more than 7,500 known cultivars of apples, resulting in a range of desired characteristics. Different cultivars are bred for various tastes and uses, including in cooking, fresh eating and cider production. Domestic apples are generally propagated by grafting, although wild apples grow readily from seed. Trees are prone to a number of fungal, bacterial and pest problems, which can be controlled by a number of organic and non-organic means. About 69 million tonnes of apples were grown worldwide in 2010, and China produced almost half of this total. The United States is the second-leading producer, with more than 6% of world production. Turkey is third, followed by Italy, India and Poland. Apples are often eaten raw, but can also be found in many prepared foods (especially desserts) and drinks. Many beneficial health effects have been found from eating apples; however, two forms of allergies are seen to various proteins found in the fruit.
itis_id: 25262
wikipedia_id: Apple
picture_file_name: 105.jpg
picture_content_type: image/jpeg
picture_file_size: 86997
picture_updated_at: 2012-04-20T09:44:31.000Z
legacy_id: 112
food_group: Fruits
food_subgroup: Pomes
food_type: Type 1
created_at: 2011-02-09T00:37:20.000Z
updated_at: 2019-05-14T18:04:16.000Z
creator_id: null
updater_id: null
export_to_afcdb: false
category: specific
ncbi_taxonomy_id: 283210
export_to_foodb: true
public_id: FOOD00105